Automatic hydraulic giant



June 8, 1954 .1. A. MlscovlcH AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC GIANT 4 sheets-'siem 1 Filed NOV. 8. 1948 w. w m m J. A. MlscovlcH 2,680,650

June 8, 1954 AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC GIANT Filed Nov. 8, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 dyn/02W@ June 8, 1954 J. A. MlscovlcH 2,680,650

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC GIANT Filed NOV. 8, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 8, 1954 1. A. MlscovlcH 2,680,650

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC GIANT Filed Nov. 8. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

//ar/z y Patented June 8, 1954 AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC GIANT John A. Miscovich, Fairbanks,` Territory of Alaska, assignor of one-half to George S. Allin,

Seattle, Wash.

Application November 8, 1948, Serial No. 58,896

8 Claims.

This invention relates to hydraulic giants such as are used for hydraulic placer mining and the like.

For many years placer miners have stripped frozen or thawed overburden from gold-bearing ground and have washed the gold-bearing sand and gravel with hydraulic giants. These giants now in current use, have existed in their present form since the latter part of the last century. Water under pressure is supplied to the giant, and the operator manually moves the nozzle vertically and horizontally to direct the stream of water from the nozzle to the desired location. This requires constant attention of a man or operator, and thereby incurs considerable cost of operation. In northern Canada and Alaska where many thousands of these giants are in use, the season of the year in which they may be eiiectively used is relatively short, usually not over 120 days. ators worl; the giants in at least two shifts in order to take as much advantage as possible of natuies thawing out of the ground during that short season.

The rising costs o1" operation, transportation, food and labor has resulted in a situation where only the richer ground may be protably worked. At the present time there are tremendous areas containing relatively low values for recovery which cannot be and are not being worked because it would be unprotable. Also, inasmuch as each giant requires an operator for from 20 to 24 hours a day, this means that considerable capital has to be invested.` during a relatively short season and many operators cannot finance a large number of these manually controlled and directed giants even though the' operation would show a profit if worked to full capacity during the season. Furthermore, many of the operators are prevented from working their property to full capacity merely by a shortage oi' manual labor, particularly where the properties are located in isolated communities.

Therefore, the main objects of the present invention are to provide an automatically operated, directed and controlled hydraulic giant; to provide an automatic nozzle directing and control t mechanism for hydraulic giants which makes possible the economic working of vast areas which heretofore have not been profitable when using manually directed giants; to provide a hydraulic giant which can be setto have continuous oscillating horizontal traverse with the same or different speeds of movement in each direction with Y a small change in elevation at each end of the traverse movement or to have a continuous oscil- As a result, the gold mine operlating movement in vertical planes with the same or different speeds of movement in the up and down directions with a small change in horizontal direction at each end of the vertical movements or to have continuous oscillating movements in both horizontal and vertical planes depending upon the pattern best suited for the particular job at hand; to provide a completely automatic hydraulic giant which will shut oir when the hydraulic head becomes too low to effectively accomplish the desired results thereby permitting the hydraulic head to build up until an effective pressure is available; to provide a hydraulic giant which can be set to cover varying sized areas with any desired pattern of'hydraulic stream to pro- Y vide an automatically directed hydraulic giant which can be readily set for varying types of operational use from removing overburden to moving pay dirt into a sluice box; to provide a hydraulic giant of such character that a large number of such units may be attended by one person and with a minimum of physical effort for mere adjustment and regulation of the automatic controls; to provide automatic directing mechanism which can be readilyre-set to cover diferent areas of nozzle application; and to provide control mechanism which can be readily set for a very short or zero travel or for an extremely long travel equal to twice the movement of the hydraulic actuating rams.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure i is a plan view of the automatically controlled, directed and operated hydraulic giant;

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the same;

Figure 3 is a view in front end elevation of the same;

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken o n the line 4 4 of Figure 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; y

Figure 5 is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 5-*5 of Figure 4,

looking in the direction indicated by thearrows and showing the detail of one of the sealed antifriction swivel joints between nozzle sections;

Figure 61s a diagrammatic view showing in full line the medial position of the vertically movable nozzle and in dotted and broken lines, in positions when elevated or depressed, respectively;

Figure '7 is anenlarged sectional view taken on the line 'l-l of Figure 2looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Y Figure 8 is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional viewv taken 'on the line -Sf of Figure 7, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows,

3 showing the detail of the other anti-friction swivel joint;

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view showing in full lines, the medial position of the parts in horizontal traverse and positions at each side of the medial position in dotted and broken lines;

Figure 10 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, showing the hydraulic circuit layout and the reversing and control valves for the same.

The specic nozzle illustrated herein is thesubject matter of my issued Patent No. 2,612,402 granted September 30, 1952, and entitled Hydraulic Giant Nozzle, butr it is to beunderstood that the automatic controlling, directing and operating mechanism described and claimed herein is equally adaptable for use on allthe hydraulic giants now in service.

In the construction shown in the drawings, a horizontally disposed penstock i2 for supplying water under pressure or head has an upwardly curved 90 elbow end I4 which terminates in an upwardly presenting horizontal end face having an outwardly extending, radially disposed, annular flange i6.

The iiange I0 is rigidly secured to one end face -v of an annulus I8 of generally rectangular crosssection which forms the outer member of an anti-friction swivel joint, by a plurality of cap screws I9 which pass through the flange IS and are threaded into the member i8. The inner face of the ring i8, midway of its ends, is provided with a groove of substantially semi-circular cross-section for receiving a plurality of antifriction members in the form of balls and thus serves as the outer race of a ball-bearing swivel joint.

The inner race for the bearing is formed by a similar groove formed in the outer surface of the vertical leg 22 of an inner joint member 24. The member 24 is of inverted L-shape in crosssection and is annular so as to fit within the outer member I8. The horizontal leg 2E of the member 24 extends radially outwardly to overlap the upper end face of the member I8 and bears against an 0.ring packing 2S which is housed in a groove provided in such end face. The inner surface of the memberY i8, between the ball race and its lower end face, is also provided with an annular grooverfor receiving an 0- ring packing 30.

The depending leg 22 of the member 24 overlaps the packing and bears thereagainst so as to form a water-tight joint and seal and protect the lubricant packed around the balls.

20. The O-ring packing 28 excludes dirt from the bearing and also retains the lubricant in the joint.

The joint member 24 has the. upper end face of its horizontal leg 26 rigidly secured to an outwardly extending, radiallyA disposed, flange 32 integrally formed on the lower end of a 90 elbow 34 by a plurality of cap screws 34a which pass through the ange and arethreaded into the member.

The elbow 34 extends upwardly and normally to one side, i. e., at a 90 angle to the center line of the penstock I2, and its upper end terminates in a vertically disposed face surrounded by an outwardly extending radial flange 36. rlhe iiangei '30 is rigidly secured to one end face of an outer member 38 of a second antiffriction swivel joint by a plurality of cap screws 31 which pass through the flange 36fand are threaded into the member 38.

The member 38 is of generally rectangular 4 cross-section and is in the form o an annulus. The inner member of this swivel joint generally designated 40 is of reversed L-shaped cross-section and has a horizontal leg d2 and a vertical leg M. The horizontal leg 42 has a semi-circular groove in its outer peripheral surface forming the inner race for a plurality o ball bearings 48 which are also received in a similar groove provided in the inner surface of the member 38 midway of its ends. The inner surface of the member 38 is also provided with an annular groove for receiving an 0-ring packing 50 which is overlapped by the leg 'Z2 to form a watertight seal. The free end face of the member 38 is likewise provided with an annular groove for an O-ring packing 'c2 which is overlapped by the radially extending leg fifi of the swivel joint member 40 so as to exclude dirt from the bearing and retain lubricant therein, while permitting free relative rotation between the swivel joint members.

The axial end face of the member di? is rigidly secured to outwardly extending, radially disposed, flange 54 of a 180 elbow 50 by a plurality of cap screws 58 which extend through the ange 54 and are threaded into the joint member 50.

The elbow 56 extends rearwardly and is inclined upwardy as shown most clearly in Figures 1, 2 and 3, and terminates in a radial ange 60 and is rigidly secured to a similar flange 02 by a plurality of cap screws 513 which pass through the ange 00 and are threaded into the Jdange 62. Flange 52 is integrally formed on one end o a elbow 65 which with the elbow thus forms a 270 elbow or bend. The other end of the elbow 65 is extended straight for a substantial distance to form a generally horizontally disposed nozzle section 38, the front end of which .is provided with an outwardly extending, radially disposed, ange 'i0 to which a tapered nozzle tip 'I2 is rigidly secured by a plurality oi cap screws M The discharge end of the nozzle tip 'i2 is exteriorly threaded to receive an interiorly threaded gate valve body 'i6 which has a gate therein connected to and operated by the piston of a double-acting hydraulic ram generally designated 'i8 directly mounted thereon.

Means are provided for automatically rotat ing or oscillating the elbow 34 relative to the penstock elbow i4 and comprises a double-acting hydraulic ram generally designated S0. A cylinder 8|- is rigidly mounted on the elbow 34 by means of brackets 82 and 813 which are welded to the elbow and to the exterior surface of the cylinder Si. The cylinder 8! is provided with a piston 8S having a double-ended piston rod 88 which extends through both of the cylinder heads 8'# and 89 of the cylinder 0i, and has its opposite ends threaded into cross-heads 90 and 92, as shown most clearly in Figure 'i'. The cross-heads 90 and 92 are also interconnected by rigidly secured struts 94 and 95 as shown most clearly in Figure 2.

Corresponding ends of the cross-heads 90 and 92 are provided with cable sheaves 98 and i90 about which is trained a wire cable $02. The ends of the cableY H22 are wrapped around the swivel joint member i8 as shown most clearly in Figure 8, and lie in a shallow groove formed in the outer peripheral surface thereof. The two ends of the wrapped-around cable 92 may be anchored to the member i8 by a suitable clamp i03v secured by cap screws i and itil,

Means are provided for anchoring the cable selectively either to the piston rod cross-'heads or to the hydraulic ram cylinder and comprise clamping straps |04 and |06 mounted on the cross-head 99 and cylinder 8|, respectively, as shown most clearly in Figure 10. The straps |04 and |05 are mounted by cap screws so as to pinch or bind the cable under the straps when the cap screws are tightened, or permit free sliding movement with respect thereto when the cap screws are loosened.

Means are also provided for moving the nozzle up and down in a vertical plane and comprise a double-acting hydraulic ram generally designated |08 of the same construction as the ram St. The cylinder |59 of the ram |03 is rigidly mounted by Welding on the lower end of the elbow 55 closely around and the ends of which are wrapped around the swivel joint member 38 in a shallow groove provided in its peripheral surface as shown most clearly in Figure 5. The ends of the cable are anchored to the member 38 by a clamp (not shown) of the same construction and arrangement as the clamp w3.

The cable 26 may also be selectively clamped either to the cylinder |09 or to the cross-heads |8| 2@ as desired in the same manner as heretofore described with respect to the ram til.

The hydraulic circuit diagram is best illustrated in Figure 10 wherein a conduit |28, which is tapped into the nozzle section 5d, furnishes water under pressure from the supply which passes through the nozzle. A manual shut-oil` valve |3|l is provided in the conduit for shutting 01T the supply to the hydraulic operating mechanism when desired. When the valve is open the water under pressure passes through a strainer |32 and thence to a spring-loaded pressure-operated control valve |34 of well known construction.

When pressure in the con-duit is sufficiently high, the valve |355 opens against its spring pressure to permit new to a conduit |36 which cornmunicates with the lower end of the doubleacting hydraulic cylinder 1S for opening the gate valve connected thereto. When the valve Kili thus moves to its open position, water from the top end of the cylinder 18 is vented through a conduit |38 which provides communication between the top end of the cylinder 18 and the valve |34 and is vented to the atmosphere.

Opening of the valve |34 under predetermined adjusted pressure also permits water to flow to a line pipe Hl@ which has a branch |42 leading to a reversing valve for the ram Si? generally designated ill-ll and another branch |45 which leads to an identical reversing valve generally the right `as indicated by the arrow.V Movement 6 of the piston 86, as indicated by the arrow, forces Water from the opposite end of the cylinder through a conduit |56 which connects through the cylinder .head 31 to the reversing valve |44 wherein the water passes around a reduced portion |58 of the valve core |5 and out through a pipe |60 to a speed control valve |52.

The valve |52 is adjustable to vary the flow of Water therethrough by a manually operable needle valve i-l which may be moved toward or away from its valve seat through which the discharge water passes to a conduit it. The valve Ulli is also provided with a discharge pipe |68 which leads to a speed control valve l1@ of identical construction as the valve |52 and which likewise has a manually adjustable needle valve |12. Discharge from the valve lli) is through a pipe |14 which also communicates with the discharge pipe |66.

The conduit |SB leads to a quick-opening, selfclosing valve il@ mounted on the other ram assembly and which discharges to the atmosphere through a pipe |18. The pipe l is also connected to the discharge pipe |13 by a by-pass conduit ISB having a manually operable valve |82 interposed therein for selectively opening or closing the by-pass around the valve '56. The discharge pipe |18 is also provided with a manually operable valve |83 which may be closed to block operation of the ram 8B.

The valve |16 has a valve stem |81 extending therefrom and adapted to be axially moved to the left by a cam |86 of the quick-throw toggle lever |88 pivotally mounted at |89. The lever itil is provided with an upwardly extending finger |911 located in the path of travel of adjustably positioned stops or dogs |92 and lilsi mounted on cross-head strut i 95 of the hydraulic rain EEES,

Lever |938 is provided with an arcuate shaped lost-motion slot |98 for receiving a pin 238 mounted on one end of a link 232, the other end of which is pivotally connected at Elli? to one end of a valve core 25E of the reversing valve isili.

A quick-throw toggle link 2G@ is pivotally mounted at 2id and connected to the lower end of link |88 by a pin 2|2 and is provided with a helical compression vspring 2li which is compressed as the pivot point 2 E2 is moved inte alignment with the pivots |89 and 2id. As the link passes over center the stored energy in the spring 2M will cause a quick-throw action of, the valve core 28E to its opposite or reversed position, and will cause the cam |32 to move the valve stein |31 and thus briefly open the valve |16. The reversing valve |1553 is connected to and through the cylinder heads H4 and H5 ci the ram |83 by pipes 2|6 and 2|8 which correspond to the conduits |513 and |55 for the ram 8U.

It is to be understood that the rams and all their operating and control valves are identical in construction and operation although the sizes and capacities of the various units may vary if so desired.

rlhe reversing valve |48 discharges through speed control valves 22|) and 222 having manually adjustable needle valves 22| and 223, respectively, and both of which discharge into a common conduit 22s which leads to a quick-opening, selfclosing valve 22e, identical with the valve Ili. A by-pass conduit 223 is provided around the valve and connected from the conduit 22:3 to discharge conduit 229 which vents iluid from the valve 226. A manually operable valve 23@ is provided in the by-pass 2128 for selectively opening or closing the by-pass, and a valve 23| is provided on the discharge. pipe 229 for blocking operation of the ram |08.

The valve 226, as shown in section, is provided with a helical compression spring 232 which normally urges its valve to a closed position on its valve seat. A valve stem 234 extends from the valve 22E in position to be contacted and moved axially to the left by a cam 235 carried by a toggle lever 238. The lever 238 is pivotally mounted at 24o and is provided with an arcuate shaped lost-motion slot 242 for receiving a pin 244 carried at one end of a link 246. The other end of the link 246 is pivoted at MS to the left end of the valve core |50. A toggle link 25o is pivoted at 252 and provided with a compression spring 252 for causing a quick-throw snap action when the link is moved past center.

The link 238 is also provided with an upstanding nger 25S located in the path of travel of stops or dogs 258 and 26|) which are adjustably positioned on the cross-head strut 9d.

Conduite Ult, |66 and 224 are all provided with high pressure flexible hose sections 262, 251i and 265, respectively, so that the ram assemblies may move freely with respect to each other when interconnected hydraulically.

In the operation oi this automatic giant, the pressure control valve Itri is adjusted to open at a predetermined hydraulic head pressure and then the manually controlled valve |3|l is opened to admit water under pressure through the strainer |32 to the valve |35. When the pressure reaches the predetermined point, the valve li opens thereby admitting water under pressure to the line hlt and the line |35. As the flow through the line 35 reaches the hydraulic ram 'i3 the piston therein moves upwardly and opens the gate within the valve 16, the water in the top part of the ram 1S being vented through the pipe |38.

If it is desired to have the nozzle oscillate or traverse back and iorth horizontally with a slight elevation at the end of each horizontal movement, the by-pass valve |32 is opened and bypass valve 23e is closed. The speed control valves |32 and lill are adjusted by the needles |24 and |12 to give the desired rate of horizontal travel which, of course, may be the same when moving to the right as in moving to the left or may be adjusted to give a faster motion in one direction h and a relatively slower motion in the opposite direction.

With the parte in the position shown in section in Figure li), the water under pressure flows to the reversing valve |44 through the pipe |112,

around the reduced portion |52 of core ld, through the pipe i511 and into the left end of cylinder 8|. The piston 83 is thereupon moved to the right, as indicated by the arrow, thus carrying the cross-head Sil and strut 94 to the right until the dog 258 engages the upstanding finger 253 and swings the lever 238 slightly past dead center position, at which time the pin 2M reaches the opposite end of the lost-motion slot 2li2 and the compressed spring 254 of toggle link 252 snaps the lever 258 to the position shown in the drawings of lever |88 `for the other ram.

This movement of the lever moves the piston valve core ill to the left so that water under pressure from the pipe |42 passes around reduced portion |53 of valve core |52 and enters pipe connected to the right-hand end of cylinder Si. At the same time, communication is established between pipes |5 and |58 around the reduced portion |52 of the valve core so as to vent the left end of the cylinder through the speed control valve I'lll. At the same time that this motion takes place, the cam 235 snaps by the end of valve stem 234 and moves the valve momentarily ofi its seat, thereby venting a small amount of trapped water from the discharge pipe 224 of ram |68. The spring 232 of valve 225 quickly closes the valve on its seat and thus the ram lll is permitted to move a sr iall amount. The ram |68, being connected to the nozzle for elevating and depressing it, thereupon moves the nozzle in a vertical plane a small amount and then holds it in that position while the next horizontal traverse takes place.

At the end of this stroke, the dog 25|) engages the finger 25S and thereupon again reverses the ram by moving the core |56 back to the position shown in full lines and at the same time kicks open the valve 226 for a short period oi time, thus permitting the elevating ram |28 to again change the vertical position of the nozzle.

Ir" it is desired to have the stream of water from the nozzle merely traverse back and forth in the same position, the valve 230 is opened to permit elevating ram lB to position the nozzle vertically at the desired point whereupon valve 23| is closed. Closing of this valve blocks all further movement of the ram |68 until the discharge is again opened. By opening the valves |82 and |33, the ram et is permitted to have discharge through the pipe It governed only by the setting of the speed control valves |62 and |10.

Should it be desired to have the nozzle oscillate in a vertical plane with only a slight change oi horizontal direction at the end of each stroke, then the valve |82 is closed, valve |23 opened and valves 23o and 23| both opened. This will permit continuous oscillatory movement of elevating ram M38 governed as to speed by setting of the valves 22B and 222 and at the end of each stroke as the dogs |92 and |911, through the nger |98, operate the toggle lever |88 and reverse the valve Hi8, the ram Bt is permitted to move a small amount each time that the valve llt is kicked open by cam IB'S. Cams of various contours may be used for giving diierent timed openings to the valves 22E and IS.

Should it be desired to continuously oscillate the nozzle in horizontal traverse and in vertical direction then'the valves 82 and |83 for governing the discharge from ram S0 and the valves 23|) and 23| for governing the discharge from ram lila are all opened and thereupon both hydraulic rams will oscillate continuously and at speeds determined by the setting of the speed control valves |52, l'a'il, 22o and 222.

By setting the dogs 258, Z, |92 and |94 to direrent positions on their struts, the reversing of each of the rams will take place at any desired point. Thus the nozzle may be oscillated in horizontal traverse a very short distance back and forth at rapid speed while gradually moving upwardly at slow speed. When it reaches the top limit, it can be brought back to a low point very rapidly and again repeat its foi-mer movement.

Also, ir" it is desired to have a very great amount of movement either horizontally or vertically, the cable clamp llli is loosened and the clamp IGS tightened so that as the cross-head is moved, there will be twice as much cable pass around the sheave S and thus cause a movement twice as much as when the clamp llil is tightened and the clamp let is loosened. In other words, with the one setting there is a one-to-one ratio whereas with the other setting there is a two-to-one ratio between movement of the cross-head and length of cable travel.

Although but one specic embodiment of this invention has been herein shown and described, it will be understood that numerous details of the construction shown may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention as dened by the following claims.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic giant comprising a discharge nozzle having horizontally and vertically axial pivotal mountings; a horizontally movable double-acting hydraulic ram connected to said nozzle for oscillating said nozzle horizontally; a vertically movable double-acting hydraulic ram connected to said nozzle for oscillating said nozzle in a vertical plane; inlet and discharge conduits for each of said rams; control valves in the conduits of each ram to reverse the direction of movement thereof; and another valve in one of said conduits and actuated by movement of one ram for controlling the operation of the other ram.

2. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; an elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder, piston and piston rod therefor; a sheave on the piston rod; a cable having one end anchored to the other of said sections, said cable being reaved around said sheave and extending to said cylinder; a clamp on said cylinder for anchoring said cable; a clamp on said piston rod for anchoring said cable whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheave is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint; a second hydraulic ram mounted on one of said two last-mentioned sections comprising a cylinder; piston and piston rod therefor; a sheave on the piston rod; a cable having one end anchored to the other of said sections, said cable being reeved around said sheave and extending to said cylinder; a clamp on said cylinder for anchoring said cable; a clamp on said piston rod for anchoring said cable whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheave is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said rams.

3. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock Section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; a 90 elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder;

a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said cylinder for selectively anchoring the cable thereto, whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are'loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint and extending substantially horizontally with its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of said second joint; a second doubleacting hydraulic ram mounted on one said two last-mentioned sections and comprising a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said two lastmentioned sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said second cylinder for selectively anchoring a cable thereto whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod, and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; and means for supplying i'luid under pressure to both of said hydraulic rams.

4. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; a elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said `piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said sections and reeved about said sheaves; aca-ble clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said cylinder for selectively anchoring the cable thereto, whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened,

travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a` two-to-one ratio with respect to movement `of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened andsaid cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said seotions may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint and extending substantially horizontally with its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of said second joint; a second double-acting Y 11 hydraulic ram mounted on one of said two lastmentioned sections and comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said two last-mentioned sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said second cylinder for selectively anchoring a cable thereto whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod, and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; means for supplying uid under pressure to both of said hydraulic rams; a control valve in the discharge conduit of one of said rams; and means actuated by the other of said rams for operating said control valve.

5. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; a 90 elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said sections and reaved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said cylinder for selectively anchoring the cable thereto, whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, .said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint and extending substantially horizontally with its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of said second joint; a second doubleacting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said two last-mentioned sections and comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said two last-mentioned sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said second cylinder for selectively anchoring a cable thereto whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod, and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may manually adjusted Y l2 with respect to each other; means for supplying fluid under pressure to both of said hydraulic rams; a. control valve in the discharge conduit of each of said rams; and means actuated by said rains for operating the control valve of the respective other ram.

S. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; a 90 elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said pist-on rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said cylinder for selectively anchoring the cable thereto, whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement oi said piston rod,

' and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint and extending substantially horizontally with its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of said second joint; a second double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said two last-mentioned sections and comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said two last-mentioned sections and reaved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said second cylinder for selectively anchoring a cable thereto whereby when thel cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosenedl travel of said clamp around said sheaves is at a two-toone ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod, and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; means for supplying fluid under pressure to both or" said hydraulic rams; a control valve in the discharge conduit of one of said rams; and quick throw toggle mechanism actuated by the other of said rams for operating said control valve.

'I'. A hydraulic giant comprising a penstock section having an upwardly presenting end; a swivel joint on said end having a substantially vertical axis; a 90 elbow section having one end swiveled on said joint; a double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said sections comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said cylinder for selectively anchoring the cable 13 thereto, whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said cable around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod, and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinderl clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio With respect to the travel of said piston rod and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; a second swivel joint on the other end of said elbow having a substantially horizontal axis; a nozzle section swiveled on said second joint and extending substantially horizontally with its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of said second joint; a second double-acting hydraulic ram mounted on one of said two lastmentioned sections and comprising a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a piston rod extending through both heads of said cylinder; a sheave on each end of said piston rod; a cable operatively connected to the other of said two last-mentioned sections and reeved about said sheaves; a cable clamp on said piston rod for selectively anchoring said cable thereto; another cable clamp on said second cylinder for selectively anchoring a cable thereto whereby when the cylinder clamp is tightened and the piston rod clamp is loosened, travel of said clamp around said sheaves is at a two-to-one ratio with respect to movement of said piston rod and when said piston rod clamp is tightened and said cylinder clamp is loosened, said cable will be moved at a one-to-one ratio with respect to the travel of said piston rod, and when both of said clamps are loosened, said sections may be manually adjusted with respect to each other; means for supplying fluid under pressure to both of said hydraulic rams; a control valve in the discharge conduit of each of said rams; and quick throw toggle mechanism actuated by said rams for operating the control valve of the respective other ram.

8. A hydraulic giant comprising a discharge nozzle having horizontally and vertically axial pivotal connections; a hydraulic ram connected to said nozzle for oscillating said nozzle horizontally; a second hydraulic ram connected to said nozzle for oscillating said nozzle in a vertical plane; a control connected to said rams for varying the length of stroke of each ram; a control connected to said rams for controlling the speed of movement of each ram independently in each direction; a connection between the rams and responsive to the movement of one ram for controlling the operation of the other ram.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 112,969 Shaw a Mar. 21, 1871 273,397 Russell Mar. 6, 1883 1,170,809 Gibbs Feb. 8, 1916 1,230,328 Sailer i June 19, 1917 1,454,332 Norton s May 8, 1923 1,751,640 Lindhorst Mar. 25, 1930 2,057,851 Skinner Oct. 20, 1936 2,133,147 Mortimore Oct. 11, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 25,552 Great Britain c 1910 428,460

Germany May 4, 1926 

